산-염기 지시약, Acid-Base Indicators

산-염기 지시약, Acid-Base Indicators

 

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Indicator	pH Range	Acid	Base
Thymol Blue	1.2-2.8	red	yellow
Pentamethoxy red	1.2-2.3	red-violet	colorless
Tropeolin OO	1.3-3.2	red	yellow
2,4-Dinitrophenol	2.4-4.0	colorless	yellow
Methyl yellow	2.9-4.0	red	yellow
Methyl orange	3.1-4.4	red	orange
Bromphenol blue	3.0-4.6	yellow	blue-violet
Tetrabromphenol blue	3.0-4.6	yellow	blue
Alizarin sodium sulfonate	3.7-5.2	yellow	violet
α-Naphthyl red	3.7-5.0	red	yellow
p-Ethoxychrysoidine	3.5-5.5	red	yellow
Bromcresol green	4.0-5.6	yellow	blue
Methyl red	4.4-6.2	red	yellow
Bromcresol purple	5.2-6.8	yellow	purple
Chlorophenol red	5.4-6.8	yellow	red
Bromphenol blue	6.2-7.6	yellow	blue
p-Nitrophenol	5.0-7.0	colorless	yellow
Azolitmin	5.0-8.0	red	blue
Phenol red	6.4-8.0	yellow	red
Neutral red	6.8-8.0	red	yellow
Rosolic acid	6.8-8.0	yellow	red
Cresol red	7.2-8.8	yellow	red
α-Naphtholphthalein	7.3-8.7	rose	green
Tropeolin OOO	7.6-8.9	yellow	rose-red
Thymol blue	8.0-9.6	yellow	blue
Phenolphthalein	8.0-10.0	colorless	red
α-Naphtholbenzein	9.0-11.0	yellow	blue
Thymolphthalein	9.4-10.6	colorless	blue
Nile blue	10.1-11.1	blue	red
Alizarin yellow	10.0-12.0	yellow	lilac
Salicyl yellow	10.0-12.0	yellow	orange-brown
Diazo violet	10.1-12.0	yellow	violet
Tropeolin O	11.0-13.0	yellow	orange-brown
Nitramine	11.0-13.0	colorless	orange-brown
Poirrier's blue	11.0-13.0	blue	violet-pink
Trinitrobenzoic acid	12.0-13.4	colorless	orange-red

 

 

Indicator	pH Range	Quantity per 10 mL
Thymol Blue	1.2-2.8	1-2 drops 0.1% soln. in aq.
Pentamethoxy red	1.2-2.3	1 drop 0.1% soln. in 70% alc.
Tropeolin OO	1.3-3.2	1 drop 1% aq. soln.
2,4-Dinitrophenol	2.4-4.0	1-2 drops 0.1% soln. in 50% alc.
Methyl yellow	2.9-4.0	1 drop 0.1% soln. in 90% alc.
Methyl orange	3.1-4.4	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Bromphenol blue	3.0-4.6	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Tetrabromphenol blue	3.0-4.6	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Alizarin sodium sulfonate	3.7-5.2	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
α-Naphthyl red	3.7-5.0	1 drop 0.1% soln. in 70% alc.
p-Ethoxychrysoidine	3.5-5.5	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Bromcresol green	4.0-5.6	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Methyl red	4.4-6.2	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Bromcresol purple	5.2-6.8	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Chlorophenol red	5.4-6.8	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Bromphenol blue	6.2-7.6	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
p-Nitrophenol	5.0-7.0	1-5 drops 0.1% aq. soln.
Azolitmin	5.0-8.0	5 drops 0.5% aq. soln.
Phenol red	6.4-8.0	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Neutral red	6.8-8.0	1 drop 0.1% soln. in 70% alc.
Rosolic acid	6.8-8.0	1 drop 0.1% soln. in 90% alc.
Cresol red	7.2-8.8	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
α-Naphtholphthalein	7.3-8.7	1-5 drops 0.1% soln. in 70% alc.
Tropeolin OOO	7.6-8.9	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Thymol blue	8.0-9.6	1-5 drops 0.1% aq. soln.
Phenolphthalein	8.0-10.0	1-5 drops 0.1% soln. in 70% alc.
α-Naphtholbenzein	9.0-11.0	1-5 drops 0.1% soln. in 90% alc.
Thymolphthalein	9.4-10.6	1 drop 0.1% soln. in 90% alc.
Nile blue	10.1-11.1	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Alizarin yellow	10.0-12.0	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Salicyl yellow	10.0-12.0	1-5 drops 0.1% soln. in 90% alc.
Diazo violet	10.1-12.0	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Tropeolin O	11.0-13.0	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Nitramine	11.0-13.0	1-2 drops 0.1% soln in 70% alc.
Poirrier's blue	11.0-13.0	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.
Trinitrobenzoic acid	12.0-13.4	1 drop 0.1% aq. soln.

 

[자료출처]

Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 8th Edition, Handbook Publishers Inc., 1952.

Volumetric Analysis, Kolthoff & Stenge, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1942 and 1947.

 

 

 

일반적으로 가장 많이 사용하는 지시약은 페놀프탈레인과 메틸 레드입니다.

미지 시료가 약염기일 경우에는 메틸 레드를 사용하고, 나머지 경우에는 페놀프탈레인을 사용하면 됩니다.

 

페놀프탈레인 지시약은 에탄올(70%)과 증류수(30%) 혼합 용매에 페놀프탈레인을 용해시켜 조제합니다.

페놀프탈레인은 벤젠 고리가 3개나 있는 유기물이라서, 물에 거의 용해되지 않기 때문입니다.

 

Phenolphthalein